hawaiian islands: joni mae: park ranger

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joni mae: park ranger (00:02:18)

Meet Joni Mae Makuakane-Jarrell, Park Ranger in Volcanoes National Park, as she describes the harmonious cycle of new life sprouting from the once-fiery lava plains.

  • topic: culture

  • location: big island

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hawaiian islands: joni mae: park ranger

Located on the North Shore of Oahu in Ehukai Beach, the Bonzai Pipeline is considered one of the most famous and dangerous waves in world. Surfers from all over come to Pipeline in hopes to catch the tube of their life.

about

location: Ehukai Beach, Oahu

best viewing hours: 8:00am - 9:00pm

time zone: Pacific Time

did you know?

Pipeline is often called the world's deadliest wave. Its average wave is 9 feet but can get bigger.

did you know?

More people have died or been seriously injured at Pipeline than at any other surf spot.

did you know?

Swells from Aleutian storms build across the Pacific and break on Hawaii. As they near shore, they focus on reefs that amplify their size and energy.

did you know?

The ideal Pipe swell comes from the west.

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Depending on size, Pipe breaks over one of three reefs.

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While there are stories of undocumented attempts to surf it, Californian Phil Edwards is noted as the first to ride Pipeline successfully in 1961.

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Formerly called Banzai Beach, surfer Mike Diffenderfer noted the pipeline being put in on the Kamehameha Highway and suggested they call the break Pipeline.

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An ocean wave can be described as a disturbance in the water that travels from one location to another. The water is the medium that the wave travels through.

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As a wave moves through water, energy is transferred between the water molecules causing them to move in a circular motion. The peak of the wave is the water at the surface that moves up and forward.

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As the depth of the water decreases, the waves become bigger.

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When waves traveling a long distance from the far ocean reach the shoreline they usually become much taller and slow down. How far they have traveled and how fast their speed will determine the size of the wave.

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For the generation of “maverick” waves, scientists study the underwater topography of the ocean floor. They also use bathymetry, which is the measurement of the depths of oceans and other large bodies of water.

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“Period” is the time between two wave crests at a given point. It's the equivalent of wave frequency. The longer the period, the faster the waves are moving.

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Good surfing swells often have a period of 13 to 15 seconds, but the real cruisers can have a period of up to 25 seconds.

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Most measure wave height from the face of the wave, from crest to trough. But Hawaiians are famous for measuring the back side of a wave, which results in a shorter height. Californians often estimate wave height relative to a body; shoulder-high means 5 feet.

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There are three factors that contribute to the formation of good surfing swells: how fast the wind is blowing (velocity), the surface area of ocean that's affected by the storm (fetch), and the amount of time those winds blow over a given spot on the ocean (duration).

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Tsunamis are giant waves caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions under the sea.

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Out in the depths of the ocean, tsunami waves do not dramatically increase in height. But as the waves travel inland, they build up to higher and higher heights as the depth of the ocean decreases.

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The speed of tsunami waves depends on ocean depth rather than the distance from the source of the wave. Tsunami waves may travel as fast as jet planes over deep waters, only slowing down when reaching shallow waters.

did you know?

While tsunamis are often referred to as tidal waves, this name is discouraged by oceanographers because tides have little to do with these giant waves.

did you know?

The largest tsunami on record rushed past Ishigaki Island, Japan, in 1971. It was an incredible 84.7 meters (278 feet) high. While it caused little damage, the giant wall of water relocated a 750-ton block of coral 2.4 kilometers (1.5 miles) inland.
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Meet Joni Mae Makuakane-Jarrell, Park Ranger in Volcanoes National Park, as she describes the harmonious cycle of new life sprouting from the once-fiery lava plains.

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